COASTAL LANDFORMS CREATED BY EROSION AND DEPOSITION

Natural arch Arch hollowed out of a headland by the sea.

Cave Natural underground cavity that results from the slow dissolution and erosion of rock by wáter.

Stack

Needle-shaped column resulting from the collapse of an arch.

Rocky islet Small island made of rock.

Tombolo Ridge of sand joining an island to the shoreline.

Headland Tapering strip of land jutting into the sea.

Cliff Steep rock face shaped by a sea.

Dune

Accumulation of sand shaped by the wind.

River estuary

Mouth of a river that is influenced by the tides; it forms an indentation in the coastline that varies in width and depth.

Lagoon Shallow expanse of seawater separated from the sea by a ridge of sand or a barrier island.

Beach Accumulation of sand or pebbles along a coast.

OTHER COASTAL LANDFORMS

Facts about Islands

• An island is a piece of land surrounded by water on all sides.
• The continent of Australia is an island.
• Islands are formed due to volcanic activity or due to hot spots in the lithosphere.
• Coral islands are formed when the skeletal material of the corals piles up over a long period of time. These look beautiful.
• A large group of islands close to each other together form an archipelago. The Lakshadweep islands are an example of an archipelago. The largest archipelago in the world is Indonesia.

Archipelago

• An archipelago is a group or chain of islands clustered together in a sea or ocean.

Peninsula

• A peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by water from three sides. For example the southern part of India is a peninsula as it is surrounded by the Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal and the Indian ocean and is joined to land on the fourth side.
• Another example is the State of Florida.

Cape

• A cape is a part of land extending in to a water body

Isthmus

• An isthmus is a narrow stretch of land which joins to large land masses.
• Example the Isthmus of Panama.

Gulf

• A gulf is a part of the ocean (or sea) that is partly surrounded by land (it is usually larger than a bay).

Label Landforms

stack formation