The Ancient Greeks have been known for their perfection in sculpture and architecture. During the classical era they developed their own style in sculpture but there was an evolution in the way they represented human body.
Greek sculpture was meant to show perfection. They wanted to create lifelike images of near perfect humans. Unlike the Romans, the Greeks never showed human imperfections in their art.
Art historians distinguish 3 periods in sculpture evolution:
Archaic Period:
The Greeks from the Archaic Period made sculptures of men called Kouroi and women called Korai. These statues had similar features and stood stiffly with their arms at their sides. Their gestures are not very realistic: almond shaped eyes and an unnatural smile.
Classical Period:
During the Classical Period, Greek artists began to sculpt people in more relaxed postures and even in action scenes. Proporion, movement, beauty and simetry were the most important characteristics of sculpture in the classical period.
Hellenistic Period:
After Alexander the Great conquered much of Asia, the sculpture and artwork of the Greeks became influenced by the cultures and people they had conquered. This period is called the Hellenistic Period. This period saw new subjects including women, children, and common people appear in Greek art. Famous works from this era include the Venus de Milo, the Dying Gaul, and the Winged Victory of Samothrace. Statues are full of movement and scenes are very realistic contrasting with the ideal beauty of the Classical period.